The Cost of Money in the ECCU
Why Caribbean lending rates sit where they do, and the strategic decision that now follows from it.
On the decisions that set their direction for a decade. The firm advises and does nothing else. It holds no balance sheet, takes no positions, and is never paid for placing an instrument on the other side of its own advice.
Every engagement begins with the decision in front of you, and the standard it has to hold. Choose the one nearest to yours, and the firm will take it from there, in confidence.
Most advisers have stood on one floor of the building. This firm has worked on all three. The transaction sits at the top. Underneath it are the products that make the institution worth acquiring, and underneath those are the controls that decide whether any of it survives contact with a regulator. Read it downward.
Led the buy side when an international bank left. Twice. The decisions at the top of the building, where an institution changes hands and its direction is set for the decade that follows.
Into the practice →The products and the franchise that make an institution worth acquiring in the first place. What a lender is actually buying when it buys a bank in a small market.
Into the practice →The controls at the foundation, which decide whether any of it survives contact with a regulator. Two national markets and two separate regulators, in one transaction sequence.
Into the practice →Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you. Nothing is listed, and nothing leaves the room.
Contact the firm →Independent advisory. St. Jean & Co advises the institutions that carry Caribbean economies, on the decisions that set their direction for a decade.
St. Jean & Co advises the institutions that carry Caribbean economies, on the decisions that set their direction for a decade. It holds no balance sheet, takes no positions, and is never paid for placing an instrument on the other side of its own advice.
The independence is the point. When the firm sits with a board, there is no product to sell it and no side of the trade to protect. There is only the decision on the table, and the standard it has to hold.
The work is not a menu. It is three levels of one institution, worked from the transaction at the top down to the controls at the foundation. Most advisers have stood on one floor of the building. This firm has worked on all three.
The record is verifiable, and it is the whole of the pitch. Two bank acquisitions, across two national markets and two separate regulators, in one sequence. Eight Caribbean markets advised and operated in, and continuing.
The firm does not lend, trade, or underwrite. It holds no balance sheet and takes no positions. It is never paid for placing an instrument on the other side of its own advice. Advice is the only line on the invoice.
It is owned by its principal, not by a bank. No client is asked to hand its strategy to a competitor's subsidiary, and the firm carries no audit relationship that a conflict could run through.
Most advisers have stood on one floor of the building. This firm has worked on all three. The transaction sits at the top. Underneath it are the products that make the institution worth acquiring, and underneath those are the controls that decide whether any of it survives contact with a regulator. Read it downward.
Led the buy side when an international bank left. Twice. Led the acquisition of the local operations of two departing international institutions, as Managing Director of an Eastern Caribbean commercial bank, in two separate national markets and through two regulators. The second took the institution across a national border for the first time.
Structured financial products for enterprises the collateral test excluded. Credit products built for small enterprises rather than adapted from corporate lending: an unsecured facility, a sustainable MSME program delivered with a German savings-bank foundation, and a regional central bank's partial credit guarantee scheme used as the risk-sharing structure underneath.
Built the controls, then ran them. Designed and implemented enterprise-wide risk and results-based management frameworks, and led internal control at a group bank. Board service on credit, risk, compliance and investment committees. Controls carry the products, and the products carry the transaction. Very few advisers in this region have been accountable at every level, and fewer still for the same institution.
Acquisition of the local banking operations of a departing international institution.
Acquisition of the local banking operations of a departing international institution.
Both led as Managing Director of an Eastern Caribbean commercial bank. The second took the bank across a national border and into a second market, for the first time in its history.
Markets where the firm and its principal have advised and operated, and continue to. Eight Caribbean markets, a short walk from where the family business traded.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Independent advice, on the decisions that set an institution's direction. Read the practice downward, from the transaction to the finance function that has to run afterward.
The international banks have withdrawn from the Caribbean in sequence. Their operations were sold or closed across more than a dozen territories, for reasons that were consistent throughout: the cost of compliance, and insufficient profitability in small markets.
What followed is the more important half. Local and regional institutions bought those operations, and for the first time the region began to own the banks that set its terms. This practice exists to advise them on the decisions that came with it.
The firm advises, and is never paid for placing an instrument on the other side of its own advice.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →The defining Caribbean banking transaction of this era is an international bank leaving and a local institution taking its place. We have been on the buying side of it twice.
As Managing Director of an Eastern Caribbean commercial bank, the firm's principal led the acquisition of the local banking operations of two departing international institutions, in two separate national markets. The second carried the bank across a national border, into a second regulator, and into a second country.
These are not ordinary transactions. The seller is a withdrawing multinational, the asset is a live deposit book of customers who did not choose to be sold, the approval sits with a central bank rather than a competition authority, and the acquirer has one chance to migrate the operation without losing it. Very few people in this region have executed one. Fewer have executed two.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Capital is not the scarce thing in this region. Structures an outside institution can underwrite are.
Caribbean enterprises are told that capital is unavailable. More often the capital exists and the proposition does not survive contact with a credit committee: the cash flows are real but unevidenced, the security is a family asset, the currency is not the lender's, and the governance is a founder. The work is to build the structure that closes that distance, and to know before the meeting which of the four objections is the one that matters.
The firm advises the institution raising the capital, on its side of the table. It takes no position in what it structures, distributes nothing, and earns nothing from the counterparty. The advice is the entire product.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →A small state negotiates with counterparties many times its size, and usually without an adviser of its own in the room.
A Caribbean government meets its lenders, its bondholders, its concessionaires and the international institutions across a table where every other party has brought counsel, a valuation, and a precedent from somewhere else. The state brings a ministry that is already running the country. The gap that opens there is not a gap in intelligence. It is a gap in representation, and it is expensive.
The firm's principal has worked inside the machinery on the other side of that table: a currency union's approval architecture, a regional central bank's guarantee scheme, two national regulators in a single transaction, and the Monetary Council process that sits above them. Advising a public institution here is knowing how the decision is actually taken, and who has to sign.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Most institutions in this region have a budget and no forecast. The budget is a document written in December. The forecast is a decision taken in March.
A budget that is agreed once a year and then defended for eleven months is not a planning instrument. It is a scorecard, and in an economy exposed to one storm season and one industry it is out of date by the second quarter. What a board needs is the ability to ask what happens if the season is bad, if the anchor tenant leaves, if the currency moves, or if the largest customer takes another sixty days to pay, and to have the answer before the quarter closes rather than after.
The firm builds and runs that capability: the operating model underneath it, the reforecast cycle that keeps it live, and the reporting that puts it in front of the people who have to act on it. Where the institution wants to own the work itself, the firm builds the model, documents it, and trains the team that will inherit it. The firm sells the process, the model and the discipline. It does not sell, resell or implement a planning platform, and it takes no commission from anyone who does.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Most small enterprises fail the collateral test, not the credit test. We designed small-business lending inside a bank rather than recommending it from outside one.
The firm's principal built and ran small-business finance in practice: an unsecured lending facility for small enterprises, a sustainable MSME program delivered with a German savings-bank foundation, and a regional central bank's partial credit guarantee scheme used to reach entrepreneurs who had no collateral to offer. He has also sat on the other side of the counter, in a family retail and hospitality business, which is where the understanding started.
That combination is the basis of the firm's claim to be the Caribbean's specialist adviser on MSME and private sector finance: a lender's grasp of how credit actually reaches an enterprise, an operator's understanding of what the enterprise is living through, and an evaluator's discipline in measuring whether the program worked.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Turnarounds are decided by what an institution stops doing.
Strategy work in this region is usually presented as a question of where to grow. It is more often a question of what to close. An institution running six lines of business on the management attention of two is not short of ideas; it is short of the decision that would release the capital and the people the two surviving lines need.
A distressed institution is re-governed before it is refinanced, and the instrument of that governing is the reporting cadence. Weekly cash, actual against forecast, with the variance explained by name. Almost every stabilization that works starts there, and almost every one that fails skipped it.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →A risk framework nobody uses is a document, not a control.
Eastern Caribbean Currency Union banks operate today under Basel I, which requires capital against credit risk with a 1996 amendment for market risk. The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank has published a roadmap to a deliberately hybrid framework: Basel III's stricter definition of capital, the capital conservation buffer and liquidity ratios, sitting on Basel II standardised approaches for credit and market risk, with the basic indicator approach for operational risk. It is being phased in pillar by pillar, with draft standards, consultation and a quantitative impact study ahead of each.
Anyone offering an ECCU bank help with Basel III compliance without that qualification is announcing that they have not read the roadmap. The work in front of these institutions is a multi-year capital and data program, not a policy revision, and the internal capital adequacy assessment answered by a supervisory review is the part most boards here have never been through.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Most evaluations measure activity. The harder question is whether the outcome moved.
The field has a settled normative frame. The OECD Development Assistance Committee's criteria, revised in December 2019, are relevance, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability, with coherence the addition and relevance redefined. Almost everyone can recite the six. Fewer observe the two principles that came with them: that the criteria are not to be applied mechanistically, and that the purpose of the evaluation, rather than habit, decides which of them are used and where the budget goes.
The other structural idea worth importing is the split between a self-evaluation and its independent validation. A critical review of the evidence, the narrative and the ratings in a program's own completion report is a defensible, repeatable product that costs a fraction of a full evaluation, and it is frequently the thing a board actually needs.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →A strategy the executive team cannot implement is a document. The firm builds the roadmap, trains the people who have to run it, and stays through the transition.
Most strategy work ends where the hard part begins. A board approves a direction, a deck is filed, and the executive team is left to translate it into decisions, sequence and accountability on its own. The firm builds the company's strategic roadmap with the people who will own it, trains the executive team and management on how to implement it, and manages the transition until the organisation is running the plan itself.
The measure of the work is not the roadmap. It is whether the company can execute it, and revise it, once the firm steps back.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →Ten sectors, one region, and the reason a Caribbean adviser reads them differently. A small economy does not have separate industries so much as one economy with several faces.
A small economy does not have separate industries so much as one economy with several faces. A hurricane is a tourism event, an insurance event, an infrastructure event and a sovereign debt event, all in the same week.
An adviser who reads only one of those faces misses the decision. The firm reads the region as a whole, which is the only way the sectors below actually connect for the institutions that operate across them.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →A retained, confidential practice recruiting for three seats only: the board, the C-suite, and finance leadership, for the institutions that carry Caribbean economies.
Every search begins with the seat and the standard it must hold. Choose the mandate and the firm will take it from there, in confidence.
Chairs, senior independent directors and non-executive directors. The appointments that set an institution's standard and hold its management to account.
Discuss a board mandate →Chief executives and the officers who report to them. The hire that decides the decade, mapped across the region and the diaspora, and appointed with care.
Discuss a C-suite mandate →Chief financial officers, finance directors and the senior management that runs the balance sheet and the operation. The stewards a lender and a supervisor both have to trust.
Discuss a finance mandate →The firm advises on the institution's side of the appointment, and takes a position on neither the candidate nor the outcome.
A short, private conversation about the seat and the standard it must hold. Nothing is listed and nothing leaves the room.
Contact the practice →The systems sold to Caribbean institutions were built somewhere else, on economies that do not behave like ours, and validated against benchmarks that do not exist here. That is not an argument against adopting them. It is an argument for knowing what you are buying.
What you are buying, what it was calibrated on, and what it will do the first time a hurricane season, a correspondent-banking withdrawal, or a single large employer moves the whole portfolio at once.
Independent review of vendor and in-house models: what the training data represents, where the assumptions break in a small concentrated economy, and what the institution is accountable for when the model is wrong.
Governance frameworks, board reporting and approval standards, sized for regional supervisors rather than borrowed wholesale from larger jurisdictions.
Assessment of what an institution actually holds, what it can legally use, and what has to exist before any analytical program is worth funding.
Channel strategy, build-versus-buy, and shared-infrastructure options for institutions whose customer base will never justify a platform built for millions.
The firm sells no software and takes no vendor fees. The advice is the only line on the invoice.
Start a conversation →The Caribbean does not lack analysts. It lacks the information infrastructure that would let them work. The firm builds what it needs to do its own work, and then opens it to the institutions facing the same gap.
A terminal that measures the Caribbean. A paper that argues about it. A firm that advises on what to do next. One house, three instruments, and none of them worth much alone. A firm that advises institutions on decisions taken against regional data has an obvious problem when the regional data does not exist.
Every Caribbean exchange on one screen, and then the boards the region has never had: a company in full, deposit and lending rates across every market, insurance mortality and solvency by territory, and a risk index running to thousands of communities across four perils.
Institutions here are asked to decide against benchmarks that were never compiled for them. For the advisory practice this is a working tool before it is a product, because the firm's own analysis is only as good as the data underneath it.
The business and policy paper for the Caribbean, published to a breaking-news cadence with twice-daily regional editions. Desks cover business and policy, island leads, markets and sport, to editorial benchmarks drawn from the international financial press.
Where the region's business decisions are reported, argued and held to account, in a single title that reads the Caribbean as one market.
The full board. Every Caribbean exchange, the composite index, the movers and the currency cross, held in one view for the analyst who works in it all day.
Nothing to install. The same boards open in a browser, at the client's table and on the client's connection, with the session ending when the meeting does.
Prices, movers and rates, carried in. Built for the walk between two buildings and the ten minutes before a meeting starts.
St. Jean & Co advises institutions. The Caribbean Ledger reports on them. The two are held apart deliberately, and the separation is governed rather than assumed.
The Ledger operates its own editorial standards, including a standing recusal that removes the publisher from editorial decisions touching any institution he advises. Both ventures carry the firm's name, and both are held apart from the advisory practice by rule.
The infrastructure the firm builds for its own work, opened to the institutions facing the same gap.
Contact the firm →Our thinking on the decisions that matter most to Caribbean institutions, and the governments that regulate them. Two continuing research series and a body of published commentary.
Perspective drawn from the work itself, not from the sidelines. Each piece is the firm's own view, written in Fletcher St. Jean's voice and carried across the regional press.
Why Caribbean lending rates sit where they do, and the strategic decision that now follows from it.
Ownership and access are the same question. A region that does not own its banks does not set their terms.
Brussels wants the investment-citizenship programs phased out. The answer is a negotiated trade position, not a defense of the revenue.
The Caribbean Banking Series and the firm's commentary on the decisions that set the region's direction, sent as they publish.
Independent advisory to the Caribbean. Unsubscribe anytime.
Credibility rests on a verifiable record. What follows is the record, and the story behind it.
As Managing Director of an Eastern Caribbean commercial bank, Fletcher St. Jean led the acquisition of the local banking operations of two departing international institutions, in Saint Lucia and in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
His career began at Citigroup in the United States and continued through Bank of Nevis International, Digicel, and managing-director-level bank leadership in the Eastern Caribbean. He is a former President of the Bankers Association of St. Lucia.
He holds an MBA and a bachelor's degree in Finance and Accounting, with executive study at The Wharton School.
Engagements begin with a conversation about the decision in front of you.
Contact the firm →The Caribbean Banking Series and the firm's commentary on the decisions that set the region's direction, sent as they publish. No noise, and nothing else.
Independent advisory to the Caribbean. Unsubscribe anytime.
A short, private conversation. Nothing is listed, and nothing leaves the room.
Write to the firm, and it will reply directly.
Email the firm →